Lack of constitutional review violates new Vision 2036 – Dikgosi
Some members of Ntlo ya Dikgosi have indicated that the deficiency of a holistic review of the current old-fashioned Botswana constitution violates the newly established country Vision 2036. The country’s supreme law effected in 1965 and it has never been reviewed holistically since then.
The main contention of the dikgosi is that the constitution should be all “inclusive” and “recognise” all tribes in Botswana as per the Vision 2036. In the country’s new vision, citizens pointed out that the supreme law should be reviewed to reflect their assertion and aspirations of making tribes equal in black and white.
This week, the tribal leaders highlighted during a debate of a motion sponsored by an eccentric Kgosi Galeakanye Modise of the Tswapong Region that the country needs to move with times and change the old law.
Through the motion, Modise had sought “that this Honourable house requests government to start the process of constitutional review, so that Batswana can be afforded an opportunity to make an input on the constitution that would be neutral, respectful and cognizant of every citizen of this country.”
The Tswapong region Kgosi was presenting the motion at Ntlo ya Dikgosi which was also graced by Minister of Presidential Affairs, Governance and Public Administration Eric Molale, Minister of Basic Education Unity Dow and Assistant Minister of Local Government and Rural Development Botlogile Tshireletso who were representing government.
While putting the motion in perspective he asserted: “let me stress that what am saying is that we must have a constitution which treats all citizens equally. To put this into context, it’s not only me calling for making equal our tribes in the constitution but if you can look at the Vision 2036 as well it echoes this very well.”
“Bogosi will be a visible, functional and empowered institution of governance contributing to national development. Bogosi will continue to maintain social order and cohesion. The power of Dikgosi in community development and the management of public affairs will be continually reviewed and realigned to emerging needs. Botswana laws in respect of customary law and common law shall be harmonised. All ethnic groups will have equal recognition and representation at Ntlo ya Dikgosi,” posits the new Vision 2036 on page 26.
Modise pointed out to a fully attentive house when pondering on the highly sensitive and explosive motion that, “it is Batswana who speak through the Vision 2036, they demonstrate that the current constitution does not treat the members of Ntlo ya Dikgosi equally.”
According to Modise, what concerns him most about reviewing the more than 50 years old constitution is that he believes everyone should at this point concede that the supreme law needs an appraisal to conform to the contemporary times.
While he conceded that they all sit in Ntlo ya Dikgosi and look the same, the nation recognises that “our constitution is flawed, has loopholes and is discriminatory”.
“Batswana also indicated that we are not one and the same in Vision 2016. So they want to correct this so that we are equivalents in this house. They stated even in the previous Vision 2016 document page 25 that “in order to achieve transformation and meet expectation of Batswana, the Constitution and legal framework will be reviewed and reformed.”
If the government does not review the law, Modise stated that they will be working against the aspirations of Batswana as espoused in both the elapsed Vision 2016 as well as the new-fangled Vision 2036.
“Other dikgosi should be on the same league with the old known eight major tribes. Bogosi Act implies that we are equivalents but constitution points a different scenario. And the irony of it is that the constitution supersedes the Bogosi Act.”
He said the then amended Section 77, 78, 79 of the constitution did not address the whole constitutional deficiencies currently be-devilling Ntlo ya Dikgosi.
According to Section 77 of the constitution, under subsection 11 (1) (1) “there shall be a Ntlo ya Dikgosi for Botswana which shall consist of not less than 33 nor more than 35 Members which shall be constituted as follows— (a) one person from each of the following areas, which person for the time being performs the functions of the office of Kgosi in respect of such areas- (i) Barolong Farms in the Southern District, (ii) Chobe in the North West District, (iii) Ga Malete in the South East District, (iv) Ga Mmangwato in the Central District, (v) Ghanzi District, (vi) Goo Tawana in the North West District, (vii) Kgalagadi District, (viii) Kgatleng District, (ix) Kweneng District, (x) Ngwaketse in the Southern District, (xi) North East District, and (xii) Tlokweng in the South East District; (b) five persons who shall be appointed by the President; and (c) such number of persons, not being more than 20, as may be selected under section 78(4)(c) of this Constitution.”
Currently, members of Ntlo ya Dikgosi include Kgosi Puso Gaborone of Batlokwa (Chairman of the house), Kgosi Malope II of Bangwaketse (deputy chairman of the house), Kgosi Sediegeng Kgamane from Bangwato, Kgosi Kealetile Moremi representing Batawana, Barolong are represented by Kgosi Botiki Motshegare while Kgosi Mosadi Seboko is sitting in for Balete.
There is also Kgosi Kgari III representing Bakwena, Kgosi David S. Toto II of Kgalagadi South, Kgosi Justice from Moseki, Gantsi East, Kgosi Tjazako Munduu of Ngamiland, while Okavango is represented by Kgosi Disho Ndhowe and Kgosi Lobatse Beslag represents Gantsi West.
Kgosi Kgomotso Boiditswe represents Serowe Region; Kgosi Peter Johane Chika III for Chobe, Kgosi Colly Cock represents Thamaga Region, Kgosi Itsoseng Gaoonwe on behalf of Letlhakeng Region, Kgosi Rapelang Khuwe of Tutume Region and Kgosi Nametso Alfred Kopelo from Molepolole Region.
Maun Region is represented by Kgosi Oleyo Ledimo, Kgosi Thebe Makwa is from Moshupa Region, Kgosi Letso Malema from Bobirwa Region, Kgosi Seate Marumo representing Kanye Region, Kgosi Tshipe F. Tshipe of Mahalapye Region and Kgosi Kgosidialwa Oledile Puso Moalosi for Tonota Region.
There is also Kgosi Kekailwe Moscow Tefiso of Ngwaketse West, Kgosi Galeakanye Modise of Tswapong Region, Kgosi Sekgoma Eric M. Moipolai from North East Region and Kgosi Moeti Monyamane representing Kgalagadi North.
The Specially elected ones include; Kgosi Isaac Titus, Kgosi Moffat Maiba Sinvula, Kgosi Nguvauva Salatiel-Nguvauva II, Kgosi Maruje III Thabo Masunga and Kgosi Tsholo Segwaba.
When supporting the motion Kgosi Masunga III Maruje who has been calling for not only a review of the constitution as well but a holistic approach to it said: “a Constitutional review is long overdue, I agree with Batswana on the Vision 2036 document, I believe it is and should be a holistic issue. So that Batswana can be afforded an opportunity to make an input on the Constitution.”
However Kgosi Kgari Sechele of Bakwena, Kgosi Mosadi Seboko of Balete and Kgomotso Boiditswe of Serowe region shot down the motion insisting that they do not find the need and reason to support it, and that the status quo is fine.
Modise relied his assertion also on section15 of the constitution which states that “Protection from discrimination on the grounds of race, etc. (1) Subject to the provisions of subsections (4), (5) and (7) of this section, no law shall make any provision that is discriminatory either of itself or in its effect. (2) Subject to the provisions of subsections (6), (7) and (8) of this section, no person shall be treated in a discriminatory manner by any person acting by virtue of any written law or in the performance of the functions of any public office or any public authority. 9 of 2005, s. 4. (3) In this section, the expression "discriminatory" means affording different treatment to different persons, attributable wholly or mainly to their respective descriptions by race, tribe, place of origin, political opinions, colour, creed or sex whereby persons of one such description are subjected to disabilities or restrictions to which persons of another such description are not made subject or are accorded privileges or advantages which are not accorded to persons of another such description.”
On his part, when responding to the motion, Minister Molale, said the motion touches on the very basic tenets of Constitutionality. “Already neutrality, respect, cognisance of every citizen’s right in this country are enshrined in the very same Constitution that you want to amend.”
“I posit to this Honourable House that our constitution as it is written is adequate, and takes cognisance of every citizen’s right. That is something that we must bear mind to and be knowledgeable of the fact that this constitution is still relevant and will remain relevant for some time.”
So, he added that: “I am positing that this constitution, in as far as the fundamental rights are concerned, is adequate and will remain adequate”. He said to fix that which isn’t broken can actually lead to having to fix more broken things that would have “broke by fixing the unbroken”.
“So I posit that it is not yet time to do an overhaul for our constitution because the laws that are there, in support of the provisions of this constitution are relevant and are effective. So, I further go on to say that to the extend therefore that the mover does not take issue with most of the chapters that make up this constitution, there is no basis whatsoever why the Government should undertake a holistic constitutional review, as opposed to seeking the amendment only of those provisions of the constitution relating to Ntlo ya Dikgosi.”
Molale indicated that the motion as he understands it refers to Ntlo ya Dikgosi and the manner in which Members of Ntlo ya Dikgosi ascend to the house. The OP minister said Ntlo ya Dikgosi as it is, is not a Constituent Assembly and that was done deliberately as it is a House of Representatives.
“When the constitution was amended the country was being divided into 12 districts, and so what seems to be irking some people is why some were/are still referred to as Dikgosikgolo. Remember there is nowhere in the law of this Republic where there is reference to Kgosikgolo. These are perceptions made by people for whatever reason that I would not understand and I have never understood,” Molale pointed out.
According to the OP minister, the constitution as it is and as amended, has provided for election of representatives of Ntlo ya Dikgosi.
With regard to Vision 2036 which was said to be calling for a constitutional review, Molale said the document is straight and forward and only states that “if there is a deficiency in implementing what is stated by the constitution that’s when we can review to improve”.
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19 Bokamoso Private Hospital nurses graduate at Lenmed Nursing College
The graduation of 19 nurses from Bokamoso Private Hospital at Lenmed Nursing College marks a significant milestone in their careers. These nurses have successfully completed various short learning programs, including Adult Intensive Care Unit, Emergency Nursing Care, Anaesthetic & Recovery Room Nursing, Anaesthetic Nursing, and Recovery Room Nursing. The ceremony, held in Gaborone, was a testament to their hard work and dedication.
Lenmed Nursing College, a renowned healthcare group with a presence in South Africa, Botswana, Mozambique, and Ghana, has been instrumental in providing quality education and training to healthcare professionals. The Group Head of Operations, Jayesh Parshotam, emphasized the importance of upskilling nurses, who are at the forefront of healthcare systems. He also expressed his appreciation for the partnerships with Bokamoso Private Hospital, the Ministry of Health, and various health training institutes in Botswana.
Dr. Morrison Sinvula, a consultant from the Ministry of Health, commended Lenmed Health and Lenmed Nursing College for their commitment to the education and training of these exceptional nurses. He acknowledged their guidance, mentorship, and support in shaping the nurses’ careers and ensuring their success. Dr. Sinvula also reminded the graduates that education does not end here, as the field of healthcare is constantly evolving. He encouraged them to remain committed to lifelong learning and professional development, embracing new technologies and staying updated with the latest medical advancements.
Dr. Gontle Moleele, the Superintendent of Bokamoso Private Hospital, expressed her excitement and pride in the graduating class of 2023. She acknowledged the sacrifices made by these individuals, who have families and responsibilities, to ensure their graduation. Dr. Moleele also thanked Lenmed Nursing College for providing this opportunity to the hospital’s nurses, as it will contribute to the growth of the hospital.
The certificate recipients from Bokamoso Private Hospital were recognized for their outstanding achievements in their respective programs. Those who received the Cum Laude distinction in the Adult Intensive Care Unit program were Elton Keatlholwetse, Lebogang Kgokgonyane, Galaletsang Melamu, Pinkie Mokgosi, Ofentse Seboletswe, Gorata Basupi, Bareng Mosala, and Justice Senyarelo. In the Emergency Nursing Care program, Atlanang Moilwa, Bakwena Moilwa, Nathan Nhiwathiwa, Mogakolodi Lesarwe, Modisaotsile Thomas, and Lorato Matenje received the Cum Laude distinction. Kelebogile Dubula and Gaolatlhe Sentshwaraganye achieved Cum Laude in the Anaesthetic & Recovery Room Nursing program, while Keletso Basele excelled in the Anaesthetic Nursing program. Mompoloki Mokwaledi received recognition for completing the Recovery Room Nursing program.
In conclusion, the graduation of these 19 nurses from Bokamoso Private Hospital at Lenmed Nursing College is a testament to their dedication and commitment to their profession. They have successfully completed various short learning programs, equipping them with the necessary skills and knowledge to excel in their respective fields. The collaboration between Lenmed Nursing College, Bokamoso Private Hospital, and the Ministry of Health has played a crucial role in their success. As they embark on their careers, these nurses are encouraged to continue their professional development and embrace new advancements in healthcare.
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BNF secures 15 constituencies in UDC coalition, wants more
The Botswana National Front (BNF) has recently announced that they have already secured 15 constituencies in the Umbrella for Democratic Change (UDC) coalition, despite ongoing negotiations. This revelation comes as the BNF expresses its dissatisfaction with the current government and its leadership.
The UDC, which is comprised of the BNF, Botswana Peoples Party (BPP), Alliance for Progressives (AP), and Botswana Patriotic Front (BPF), is preparing for the upcoming General Elections. However, the negotiations to allocate constituencies among the involved parties are still underway. Despite this, the BNF Chairman, Patrick Molotsi, confidently stated that they have already acquired 15 constituencies and are expecting to add more to their tally.
Molotsi’s statement reflects the BNF’s long-standing presence in many constituencies across Botswana. With a strong foothold in these areas, it is only natural for the BNF to seek an increase in the number of constituencies they represent. This move not only strengthens their position within the UDC coalition but also demonstrates their commitment to serving the interests of the people.
In a press conference, BNF Secretary General, Ketlhafile Motshegwa, expressed his discontent with the current government leadership. He criticized the ruling Botswana Democratic Party (BDP) for what he perceives as a disregard for the well-being of the Batswana people. Motshegwa highlighted issues such as high unemployment rates and shortages of essential medicines as evidence of the government’s failure to address the needs of its citizens.
The BNF’s dissatisfaction with the current government is a reflection of the growing discontent among the population. The Batswana people are increasingly frustrated with the lack of progress and the failure to address pressing issues. The BNF’s assertion that the government is playing with the lives of its citizens resonates with many who feel neglected and unheard.
The BNF’s acquisition of 15 constituencies, even before the negotiations have concluded, is a testament to their popularity and support among the people. It is a clear indication that the Batswana people are ready for change and are looking to the BNF to provide the leadership they desire.
As the negotiations continue, it is crucial for all parties involved to prioritize the interests of the people. The allocation of constituencies should be done in a fair and transparent manner, ensuring that the voices of all citizens are represented. The BNF’s success in securing constituencies should serve as a reminder to the other parties of the need to listen to the concerns and aspirations of the people they aim to represent.
In conclusion, the BNF’s acquisition of 15 constituencies, despite ongoing negotiations, highlights their strong presence and support among the Batswana people. Their dissatisfaction with the current government leadership reflects the growing discontent in the country. As the UDC coalition prepares for the upcoming General Elections, it is crucial for all parties to prioritize the needs and aspirations of the people. The BNF’s success should serve as a reminder of the importance of listening to the voices of the citizens and working towards a better future for Botswana.
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Children’s summit to discuss funding of NGOS
One of the key issues that will be discussed by the Childrens’ Summit, which will be hosted by Childline Botswana Trust on 28th – 30th November in Gaborone, will be the topical issue of financing and strengthening of civil society organizations.
A statement from Childline Botswana indicates that the summit will adopt a road map for resourcing the children’s agenda by funding organizations. It will also cover issues relating to child welfare and protection; aimed at mobilizing governments to further strengthen Child Helplines; as well as sharing of emerging technologies to enhance the protection of Children and promotion of their rights.
According to Gaone Chepete, Communications Officer at Childline Botswana, the overall objective of the summit is to provide a platform for dialogue and engagement towards promoting practices and policies that fulfil children’s rights and welfare.
“Child Helplines in the region meet on a bi-annual basis to reflect on the state of children; evaluate their contribution and share experiences and best practice in the provision of services for children,” said Chepete.
The financing of non-governmental organizations (NGOs) by the state or its functionaries has generated mixed reactions from within the civil society space, with many arguing that it threatened NGOs activism and operational independence.
In February 2019, University of Botswana academic Kenneth Dipholo released a paper titled “State philanthropy: The demise of charitable organizations in Botswana,” in which he faulted then President Lieutenant General Seretse Khama Ian Khama for using charity for political convenience and annexing the operational space of NGOs.
“Civil society is the domain in which individuals can exercise their rights as citizens and set limits to the power of the state. The state should be developing capable voluntary organizations rather than emaciating or colonizing them by usurping their space,” argued Dipholo.
He further argued that direct involvement of the state or state president in charity breeds unhealthy competition between the state itself and other organizations involved in charity. Under these circumstances, he added, the state will use charity work to remain relevant to the ordinary people and enhance its visibility at the expense of NGOs.
“A consequence of this arrangement is that charitable organizations will become affiliates of the state. This stifles innovation in the sense that it narrows the ability of charitable organizations to think outside the box. It also promotes mono-culturalism, as the state could support only charitable organizations that abide by its wishes,” said Dipholo.
In conclusion, Dipholo urged the state to focus on supporting NGOs so that they operate in a system that combines philanthropic work and state welfare programs.
He added that state philanthropy threatens to relegate and render charitable organizations virtually irrelevant and redundant unless they re-engineer themselves.
Another University of Botswana (UB) academic, Professor Zibani Maundeni, opined that politics vitally shape civil society interaction; as seen in the interactions between the two, where there is mutual criticism in each other’s presence.
Over the years, NGOs have found themselves grappling with dwindling financial resources as donors ran out of money in the face of increased competition for financing. Many NGOs have also been faulted for poorly managing their finances because of limited strategic planning and financial management expertise. This drove NGOs to look to government for funding; which fundamentally altered the relationships between the two. The end result was a complete change in the operational culture of NGOs, which diminished their social impact and made them even more fragile. Increased government control through contract clauses also reduced NGOs activism and autonomy.
However, others believe that NGOs and government need each other, especially in the provision of essential services like child welfare and protection. Speaking at the Civil Society Child Rights Convention in 2020, Assistant Minister of Local Government and Rural Development Setlhabelo Modukanele said government considers NGOs as critical partners in development.
“We recognize the role that NGOs play a critical role in the country’s development agenda,” said Modukanele.